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| Xianggang (Hong Kong) |
Hong Kong is a small territory in East Asia, on the coast of the South China Sea, which is a colonial possession of Great Britain. Territory - 1013 sq. km. Population - 5.017 million (1979), mainly Chinese (over 98%), as well as the British, etc. The administrative center is Hong Kong (Victoria, 1.2 million inhabitants). The official languages are English and Chinese. In 1842, Great Britain seized the Chinese island of Hong Kong, in 1860 seized part of the Kowloon Peninsula, and in 1898 rented the New Territory from China for 99 years (the rest of the Kowloon Peninsula with adjacent islands) - all this made up the Hong Kong colony. In 1941, Hong Kong was occupied by Japan. In 1945, after the defeat of Japan in World War II, the British re-settled in this territory. Hong Kong is governed by an English governor who has a Legislative and Executive Council. There are a number of bourgeois political parties, trade union organizations, as well as secret societies, whose members are owners of gambling houses and brothels, drug dealers, etc. Hong Kong is a large trade, financial and industrial. Centre. Developed ship repairing, shipbuilding, textile, electronic, electrical, chemical and other industries. About 90% prom. products are exported. Hong Kong is one of the largest textile exporters in the world, since 1976 it has also specialized in the sale of gold coins issued to commemorate each new lunar year. It is a major center for international tourism (up to 1.5 million tourists a year). Agriculture employs 4% of the working population. Rice, vegetables are grown, gardening, poultry farming, pig breeding, and fishing are developed. Due to the limited land fund, Hong Kong cannot fully meet the needs of the population for agricultural products. China is the main supplier of food and drinking water to Xianggang. The PRC has over 200 enterprises in Hong Kong, a branch of the People's Bank of China, which has 140 branches in the city and controls a dozen other banks. China conducts intensive trade with foreign countries through this open port (after Japan Hong Kong is China's second largest trading partner). China receives about $ 4 billion annually from trade and other operations in Xianggang. Hong Kong is a large seaport (annually receives about 7.5 thousand ocean-going ships and handles up to 20 million tons of cargo). There are 15 thousand small ships and boats engaged in coastal transportation in the Xianggang waters. The airport annually serves over 50 thousand aircraft and 3.5 million passengers. The monetary unit is the Hong Kong dollar. 4.8 Hong Kong. dollars = 1 dollar (1980). A significant part of the population of Hong Kong eats out a miserable existence; boats - "sampans" serve as homes for many poor people.
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